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Festuca bromoides

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Festuca

brome fescue

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Glabrous annuals.

Stems: Culms loosely tufted, base decumbent, 1–3(–5.5) dm tall, lower nodes geniculate.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, distichous. Blades usually involute, filiform. Lower surfaces pubescent. Margins entire. Veins parallel. Sheaths open, sparsely to evenly pilose or glabrous, margins membranous, overlapping; ligule erose–ciliate, 0.2–0.6 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in panicles often slightly secund, narrow, 2–8(–12) cm long, with short, ascending branches, sometimes the lower branches spreading. Spikelets 3–5(–6)–flowered; glumes unequal, first glume 3.5–5(–7) mm long, filiform, 1–nerved, second glume lanceolate, 4.5–8 mm long, prominently 3–nerved, sometimes slightly awn–tipped; lemmas (4–)5.5–7.5 mm long, minutely scaberulous or glabrous, the awns (4–)6–11(–15) mm long; palea narrow, apex bifid. Stamen 1. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Caryopsis 3.5–4 mm long.

Ploidy: 2n = 14

Habitat: Naturalized in dry; disturbed sites such as along roadsides; in pastures; and on rocky slopes.

Elevation Range: 185–2,590 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Synonyms (51)

Bromus ambiguus Cirillo (1788)
Bromus dertonensis All. (1785)
Distomomischus sciuroides (Roth) Dulac (1867)
Distomomischus subuniglumis Dulac (1867)
Festuca brachypoda Font Quer (1928)
Festuca bromoides var. altior Laterr. (1829)
Festuca bromoides var. ambigua (Cirillo) Guss. (1843)
Festuca bromoides var. nana Parn. (1842)
Festuca bromoides var. pseudomyuros Parn. (1845)
Festuca bromoides var. sciuroides (Roth) DC. (1805)
Festuca bromoides var. tenella Hook.f. (1853)
Festuca commutata Scheele (1844)
Festuca dertonensis (All.) Asch. & Graebn. (1901)
Festuca dertonensis var. gracilis (Lange) Asch. & Graebn. (1901)
Festuca dertonensis var. sciuroides (Roth) Briq. (1910)
Festuca geniculata var. monandra Döll (1878)
Festuca hordeiformis Wulfen ex Steud. (1821)
Festuca myuros subsp. sciuroides (Roth) Bonnier & Layens (1894)
Festuca myuros var. bromoides Petif (1830)
Festuca myuros var. dertonensis (All.) Knoche (1921)
Festuca myuros var. rothii Noulet (1837)
Festuca myuros var. sciuroides (Roth) Coss. & Durieu (1855)
Festuca onurus Willd. ex Spreng. (1824)
Festuca panormitana Guss. (1844)
Festuca pseudomyuros var. sciuroides (Roth) Légué (1891)
Festuca sciuroides Roth (1787)
Festuca sciuroides var. major St.-Amans (1821)
Festuca uniglumis Aiton (1789)
Festuca willemetii Savi (1832)
Lolium bromoides (L.) Huds. (1778)
Mygalurus bromoides (L.) Link (1821)
Mygalurus uniglumis Link (1821)
Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray (1822)
Vulpia bromoides f. gracilis (Lange) Soó (1972)
Vulpia bromoides subsp. sciuroides (Roth) Dumort. (1824)
Vulpia bromoides var. sciuroides (Roth) Gray (1822)
Vulpia dertonensis (All.) Gola (1904)
Vulpia dertonensis f. violacea Holmb. (1926)
Vulpia exserta St.-Lag. (1889)
Vulpia granulata Sennen (1936)
Vulpia myuros subsp. bromoides (L.) Parl. (1850)
Vulpia myuros subsp. dertonensis (All.) Bég. (1910)
Vulpia myuros subsp. sciuroides (Roth) Rouy (1913)
Vulpia myuros var. dertonensis (All.) Fiori (1923)
Vulpia myuros var. sciuroides (Roth) Coss. & Durieu (1855)
Vulpia panormitana Parl. (1845)
Vulpia sciuroides (Roth) C.C.Gmel. (1805)
Vulpia sciuroides subsp. panormitana (Parl.) Nyman (1882)
Vulpia sciuroides var. gracilis Lange (1861)
Vulpia uniglumis Dumort. (1824)
Zerna bromoides (L.) B.D.Jacks. (1885)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Wind
Other Animals

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 75 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1603 (K, O, Mo, L, M, H [as Vulpia bromoides]); Starr & Starr 2011:32 (EM, high elev record); Wagner et al. 2012:101 (Syn. V. bromoides = F. bromoides)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Festuca bromoides Kamalo Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 1344 Molokai BISH 1910-06-01
2 Festuca bromoides Paauhau; Parker Ranch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3467 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-01
3 Festuca bromoides East Maui, Kanahua, SW slope of Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2057 Maui BISH 1920-03-21
4 Festuca bromoides Haleakala National Park, House of the Sun Visitor Center Preserved_Specimen Gagné, B.H. 3076 Maui BISH 1991-05-13
5 Festuca bromoides Haleakala National Park, House of the Sun Visitor Center Preserved_Specimen Gagné, B.H. 3080 Maui BISH 1991-05-13
6 Festuca bromoides Kukui Trail Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 1631 Kauai BISH 1976-04-12
7 Festuca bromoides Top of ridge - amongst rocks Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4069 Oahu BISH 1935-11-17
8 Festuca bromoides Honokaa to Waimea Road Preserved_Specimen Lee, H.A. 243 Hawaii BISH 1925-03-01
9 Festuca bromoides Paauhau, Parker Ranch Preserved_Specimen Rock 3152 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-24
10 Festuca bromoides Slopes of Mauna Loa Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4104 Hawaii BISH 1936-04-01
11 Festuca bromoides Top - Mt. Tantalus Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 3896 Oahu BISH 1935-11-23
12 Festuca bromoides Waimea Drainage Basin, West side Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 990 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
13 Festuca bromoides Hawaii National Park, Hilo entrance Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 272 Hawaii BISH 1943-01-27
14 Festuca bromoides On ridge east of Puu Kumakalii, just west of Kolekole Pass Growing out along trail on ridge top. Associated vegetation: Kalanchoe pinnata, Schinus terebinthifolius, Eragrostis tenella, Psidium cattleianum, Grevillea robusta, Juniper, Epidendrum sp. Preserved_Specimen Wispy grass ~15 inches tall. Long-awned seeds on long inflorescences. Beachy, J. 41 Oahu BISH 2007-02-15
15 Festuca bromoides Puu Laau, west slope of Mauna Loa Preserved_Specimen Kosaka, E. 21 Hawaii BISH
16 Festuca bromoides Paauhau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3155 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-24
17 Festuca bromoides Holualoa Preserved_Specimen Maguire, J.A. Hawaii BISH 1905-10-06
18 Festuca bromoides Hualalai summit Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Hawaii BISH 1934-06-19
19 Festuca bromoides Along cut near Waimea Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4131 Hawaii BISH 1936-04-04
20 Festuca bromoides Top of Mt. Tantalus Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 3896 Oahu BISH 1935-11-23
21 Festuca bromoides Koele Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 292 Lanai BISH 1914-01-06
22 Festuca bromoides Mt. Tantalus Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4030 Oahu BISH 1936-02-09
23 Festuca bromoides Koele, mountains near Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 102 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
24 Festuca bromoides East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Sliding Sands Trail Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 2309 Maui BISH 2011-05-16
25 Festuca bromoides Haleakala S slope, Puu Ouli Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2162 Maui BISH 1920-04-06
26 Festuca bromoides Paauhau; Parker Ranch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3322 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-03
27 Festuca bromoides East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Sliding Sands trail Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 1598001 Maui BISH 1992-05-07
28 Festuca bromoides Kaunakakai Gulch, east of S fork Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2510 Molokai BISH 1986-02-19
29 Festuca bromoides Waikamoi Flume, road's end Preserved_Specimen Gagné, B.H. Maui BISH 1999-07-16
30 Festuca bromoides Hawaii Experiment Station Preserved_Specimen (Not on sheet) Oahu BISH 1913-01-01
31 Festuca bromoides Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, near Puu oo trail Of frequent occurance in localized area of Pennisetum clandestinum - Anthoxanthum odoratum - Axonopus affinis pasture. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 459 Hawaii BISH 1980-05-20
32 Festuca bromoides Humuula Sheep Station, Maunakea, N. Hilo Open pasture Preserved_Specimen Abundant Hosaka, E.Y. 1608 Hawaii BISH 1936-09-12
33 Festuca bromoides Kealakekua, Kona In moist semi-wooded pasture Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 1473 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-05
34 Festuca bromoides W Maui, Lahaina District, Lihau Lowland Dry Shrubland at 2600 ft on a cindery west facing ridge with clumps of Rhynchelytrum repens dominating, but with some of Metrosideros, Styphelia, Bidens, Gnaphalium sandwicensium, Schiedea menziesii and alien herbs and grasses Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 1115 Maui BISH 1991-07-13
35 Festuca bromoides Kiilae, South Kona In open kipuka, moist place Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1516 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-21
36 Festuca bromoides Kona, Kikiaeae Koa grassland Preserved_Specimen Christ, J.H. Hawaii BISH 1958-05-16
37 Festuca bromoides Waimea District; Kokee State Park. Mohihi Road along Waineke Swamp Very weedy area with numerous naturalized plants; Hedychium, Brugmansia, Tropaeolum, etc. Annual herb along road. Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 2729 Kauai BISH 1988-01-28
38 Festuca bromoides South Kohala, Puu Papapa Growing on eroded ridge. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 250 Hawaii BISH 1980-03-20
39 Festuca bromoides Bird Park (Kipuka Puaulu) Moderate forest. Preserved_Specimen Morley, H. 137 Hawaii BISH 1934-08-21
40 Festuca bromoides Tantalus Open hillside. Preserved_Specimen Plant height 20 cm. Clumps. Lee, H.A. 265 Oahu BISH 1925-08-25
41 Festuca bromoides Na Pali Coast, Honolu Beach, near sea level Collected near sea level, growing in sandy substrate near stream and arched rock between beaches. Preserved_Specimen Dry, small, bunchgrass Corn, C. 416 Kauai BISH 1979-07-20
42 Festuca bromoides East Maui, Haleakala National Park Bog turf on the NE rift of Haleakala. Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 204 Maui BISH 1982-06-12
43 Festuca bromoides 5 meters along short strip road connecting Crater Rim Road & Kona-Hilo Highway. Plant ca. 40 m to right of 35 mph sign. (Plot 50) Scattered Metrosideros-native shrub- lichen community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft. tall. Newell, C.L. 460 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-19
44 Festuca bromoides Kalalau Valley, 0.4 mile NE of Kalalau Lookout along upper SE side of Valley Steep slopes with low mixed mesophytic forest of Dracaena, Metrosideros, Pelea & Xylosma. Solitary annual grass on exposed windy slope with mosses & introduced herbs. Preserved_Specimen Lorence, D.H. 5127 Kauai BISH 1987-03-20
45 Festuca bromoides East Maui, Haleakala, NE outer slope, along Kalapawili Ridge trail In heath scrub-grass-land transition. Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 3898 Maui BISH 1969-07-18
46 Festuca bromoides Volcano, junction of Volcano Rd. and Kalaninauli Rd Moist roadside, mowed and unmowed areas Preserved_Specimen Uncommon, clump forming Faccenda, K. 2264 Hawaii BISH 2022-03-02
47 Festuca bromoides Wahane Gulch, mauka of end of Koolanai Rd In degraded open areas on steep slopes locally common, in formerly Diospyros Lowland Dry Forest, now dominated by Casuarina, Schinus, and Psidium Preserved_Specimen Terrestrial grass Oppenheimer, H.L. 32001 Lanai BISH 2020-03-04
48 Festuca bromoides Mauna Loa Strip Road, 3 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway. (Plot 38) Metrosideros-native shrub- lichen community on a`a lava. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft. tall. Newell, C.L. 297 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-04
49 Festuca bromoides Makua Keeau, Keeau Middle Ridge Trail Sunny exposed area along ridge. No trees in area Preserved_Specimen Common from otherwise barren areas Faccenda, K. 1943 Oahu BISH 2021-05-31
50 Festuca bromoides Ainapo Trail, Kahuku, Kau, Mauna Loa In open pasture in moist place Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1449 Hawaii BISH 1936-07-28
51 Festuca bromoides Mauna Loa Strip Road, 3 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway. (Plot 38) Metrosideros-native shrub- lichen community on a`a lava. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft. tall. Newell, C.L. 293 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-04
52 Festuca bromoides North Hilo; Mauna Kea, Humuula sheep station Common in pasture. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 2326 Hawaii BISH 1938-06-13
53 Festuca bromoides Haleakala Crater, Halemau Trail On rocky slopes. Preserved_Specimen Grass 9 high. Olson, G.E. 33 Maui BISH 1937-04-02
54 Festuca bromoides Kula Road Roadside. Preserved_Specimen Plant height 20 cm. Lee, H.A. 197 Maui BISH 1925-12-01
55 Festuca bromoides W Maui, Wailuku Distr., N of Puu Anu, on W rim of Pohakea Gulch. Northing: 2304619; Easting: 755200 Locally comon in old pasture, coming up in Senecio madagascariensis along firebreak buldozed in 2006. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 30903 Maui BISH 2009-03-11
56 Festuca bromoides Haleakala Observatories, Puu Kolekoloe. Science City Naturalized. Developed alpine desert (Argryoxiphium sandwicense, Dubautia menziesii, Erodium cicutarium). Preserved_Specimen Scattered patches. Starr, F. 9050405 Maui BISH 2009-05-04
57 Festuca bromoides Kohala Mountains On cliffs on sides of valleys. Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Hawaii BISH 1937-02-01
58 Festuca bromoides Waimea Along road cut. Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4131 Hawaii BISH 1936-04-04
59 Festuca bromoides Mauna Loa, Kahuku-Ainapo Trail, Kahuku Occasional in wet wooded pasture. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1456 Hawaii BISH 1936-07-28
60 Festuca bromoides Hamakua, Kamoku, Kaala paddock On moist exposed knolls. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 2087 Hawaii BISH 1938-05-25
61 Festuca bromoides Moloakai Ranch, below Cooke's Mountain Cabin Open pasture Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4447 Molokai BISH 1936-09-06
62 Festuca bromoides Waimea District; Kokee State Park. Kalau Puhi trail Metrosideros dominated forest. Common annual grass along trail. With Rubus, Hypochoeris & Fragaria. Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 2178 Kauai BISH 1987-05-04
63 Festuca bromoides Hamakua, Kawela paddock Occasional on shallow soil. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 2096 Hawaii BISH 1938-05-25
64 Festuca bromoides Hamakua, Makahalau Common in pasture. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 2184 Hawaii BISH 1938-06-02
65 Festuca bromoides Kahua, North Kohala In open pasture in moist place Preserved_Specimen Common Hosaka, E.Y. 1572 Hawaii BISH 1936-09-04
66 Festuca bromoides Volcano House Isolated plants in shady place under trees. Preserved_Specimen Plant height 20 cm. Lee, H.A. 252 Hawaii BISH 1925-10-14
67 Festuca bromoides Wahane Gulch. in open, rocky areas. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Diospyros, Dodonaea, Pouteria, Nestegis, Leptecophylla, Wikstroemia, Psidium, Morella, Schinus, Lantana. Preserved_Specimen Locally common. Oppenheimer, H.L. 21302 Lanai BISH 2013-02-07
68 Festuca bromoides Mauna Loa slope Open pasture. Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4104 Hawaii BISH 1936-04-01
69 Festuca bromoides Molokai Ranch, below Cooke's Mt. cabin In open pasture. Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4447 Molokai BISH 1936-09-06
70 Festuca bromoides Na Pali Coast, Nualolo Kai, near sea level Growing near the shore with other exotic grasses and shrubs such as Leucaena leucocephala. Preserved_Specimen Small dry bunchgrass. Corn, C. 442 Kauai BISH 1979-07-20
71 Festuca bromoides Along side road off Volcano Hwy near 19 mile marker. Growing with Paspalum, Desmodium, Melastoma, etc. Preserved_Specimen Uncommon. Nagata, K.M. 4112 Hawaii BISH 1990-05-14
72 Festuca bromoides Hamakua, Kukaiau Occasional, under trees in pasture. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1530 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-24
73 Festuca bromoides North Kohala; Puu Hue Ranch On lawn. Preserved_Specimen Ewart III, G.R. 244 Hawaii BISH 1932-05-16
74 Festuca bromoides Kahuku, Kau Grassy Kipuka Preserved_Specimen Occasional Hosaka, E.Y. 1444 Hawaii BISH 1936-07-21
75 Festuca bromoides Western Piinaau headwaters. Collected near dirt road at border of sub-alpine shrubland and mesic forest community Metrosideros montane mesic forest, below subalpine shrubland and above montane wet forest with Acaica, Cheirodendron, Ilex, Myrsine Lessertiana, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Vaccinium reticulatum, Sadleria cyatheoides, Coprosma montana, C. ernodioides, Rubus hawaiiensis, Atherium microphylla Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 14249 Maui BISH 2010-06-09
76 Festuca bromoides Bird Park (Kipuka Puaulu) Moderate forest. Preserved_Specimen Morley, H. 157 Hawaii BISH 1934-08-21
77 Festuca bromoides West slope of Mauna Kea, Puu Laau Dry slope, in shade of mamani trees. Preserved_Specimen Depauperate. Ewart III, G.R. 214 Hawaii BISH 1932-05-29
78 Festuca bromoides So. Kohala, Puako in lava and fine cinders Preserved_Specimen forms caepitose clumps in near monotypic stands Hobdy, R.W. 4360 Hawaii BISH 2014-04-10
79 Festuca bromoides Puu Kea, east slpoe of Mauna Kea, Hamakua District On rocky ash substrate in area with sparse vegetation of mamane, mullein, and exotic grasses. Preserved_Specimen Bunchgrass about 1' tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 834 Hawaii BISH 1981-07-21
80 Festuca bromoides Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, near Puu oo trail Of frequent occurrence in localized area of Pennisetum clandestinum, Anthoxanthum odoratum - Axonopus affinis pasture. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 459 Hawaii BISH 1980-05-20
81 Festuca bromoides Koele Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 266 Lanai BISH 1914-01-06
82 Festuca bromoides Kokee, Puuhinahina Lookout Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 443 Kauai BISH 1983-06-06
83 Festuca bromoides S of Humuula In pasture. Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. Hawaii BISH 1935-07-30
84 Festuca bromoides Hamakua, Makahalau, Makahalau paddock Preserved_Specimen Common, forming tufts. Hosaka, E.Y. 2155 Hawaii BISH 1938-06-02
85 Festuca bromoides Lanai Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 572 Lanai BISH 1930-01-14
86 Festuca bromoides Waianae Mountains; along trail to summit of unnamed peak between Puu Hapapa & Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 427 Oahu BISH 1967-04-15
87 Festuca bromoides Kilauea, Hawaii National Park In open place Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1408 Hawaii BISH 1936-07-03
88 Festuca bromoides Kaala, at top Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 3994 Oahu BISH 1935-12-07
89 Festuca bromoides Haleakala National park, Kapalaoa Flats, near cabin Preserved_Specimen Gagné, B.H. 3053 Maui BISH 1991-04-15
90 Festuca bromoides Haleakala Crater, N side of Sliding Sands Trail. Preserved_Specimen Single individual. Welton, P. 2309 Maui BISH 2011-05-16
91 Festuca bromoides Kokee Preserved_Specimen Lyon, H.L. 5016 Kauai BISH 1925-03-01
92 Festuca bromoides Kala Preserved_Specimen Smith, J.G. Maui BISH 1902-10-01
93 Festuca bromoides Paauhau; Parker Ranch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3176 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-24
94 Festuca bromoides Mauna Kea, Moano Crater Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3298 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-01
95 Festuca bromoides Waimea Drainage Basin, West side Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 841 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
96 Festuca bromoides East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Sliding Sands trail Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 1599 Maui BISH 1992-05-07
97 Festuca bromoides Haleakala, top of Halemanu Trail on rim Preserved_Specimen Wilbur, R.L. 1018 Maui BISH 1948-07-05
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